PMC

Schematic of main components of bench-scale prototype of induced pre-saturation tower with different stages. 1 – Feed tank of upper stage; 2 – return valve of Pump 1; 3 – discharge line for Pump 1; 4 – microbubble flow control valve of Pump 1; 5 – flow valve for oily foam suction tube; 6 – oily foam collection pipe; 7 – flotation chamber of upper stage; 8 – hydraulic seal of upper stage; 9 – sample collection valve of upper stage; 10 – discharge valve of upper stage; 11 – flotation chamber of intermediate stage; 12 – hydraulic seal of intermediate stage; 13 – sample collection valve of intermediate stage; 14 – discharge valve of intermediate stage; 15 – microbubble flow control valve of Pump 2; 16 – lower flotation chamber; 17 – hydraulic seal of lower flotation chamber; 18 – sample collection valve of lower flotation chamber; 19 – valve of return pipe of Pump 2; 20 – feed tank of lower stage.

Configuration of PITSF system with all main parts. 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 – five tank, 6 – settling tank, 7- PLC programmable logic controller, 8 – air compressor, 9- inlet reservoir 10 – inlet pipe, 9,10, 11, 12 ,13 – inlet electromagnetic valve, 14,15,16,17,18 – mixer, 21, 22 ,23, 24 ,25 – aeration electromagnetic valve 26- excess sludge tank 27, 28, 29 – sludge return valve, 30- inlet pre-static pump ,31-sludge recycle control meter, 32- excess sludge control meter 33, 34 – sludge discharge valves ,35- effluent , 36- electrical mixer line, 37- electrical inlet valve line 38- electrical sludge return valve line, 39-electrical aeration valve line ,40- electrical sludge discharge valve line.

The dotted line indicate the three months period after valve intervention.

The Kaplan–Meier estimate of freedom from ≥moderate neo‐aortic valve regurgitation was found for 278 patients who had D‐loop transposition of the great arteries and who had undergone ASO and survived to hospital discharge. Patients with BNPV (n=67, blue line) had reduced freedom from neo‐aortic regurgitation and shorter time to first occurrence than those with TNPV (n=211, red line), P=0.002. ASO indicates arterial switch operation; BNPV, bicuspid native pulmonary valves; PV, pulmonary valve; and TNPV, tricuspid native pulmonary valves.